权威著作 《Adams -Victor神经病学》是几十年来神经病学领域的经典之作，被一般神经科医生誉为该领域*详细、*全面和*权威的著作。
内容系统 本书包括了神经病学的诊断方法，神经疾病的主要表现，老年神经疾病相关特点，常见神经疾病的类型，脊髓、外周神经、肌肉疾病，以及精神障碍六个方面，阐述了各种类型的神经疾病和每种类型中的主要疾病。每种疾病均详细介绍了神经功能障碍的症状、体征、解剖和生理基础，以及临床意义。
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清晰易读 《Adams-Victor神经病学》一直保持精心编写、严谨陈述、清晰描述的写作初衷，更多地采用图、表陈述内容，从而提高可读性。
【内容简介】
本书包括了神经病学的诊断方法，临床表现，老年神经疾病相关特点，常见神经疾病的类型，脊髓、外周神经、肌肉疾病，以及精神障碍六个方面，同时为临床医生提供诊断思路及治疗策略。兼顾常见病和少见病。第10版增加了大量的彩色图片，扩大了重要亚专业的覆盖范围，增添了许多图表。本书被誉为神经病学的“圣经”，深受各国神经科医生推崇。
【作者简介】
Allan H.Ropper是哈佛医学院神经科主任，是全世界神经病学方面权威的专家。在多家期刊上发表过有影响力的文章，担任《Adams-Victor神经病学》第9版、第10版的主编。并著有多部著作。
【目录】
简 目
PART 1: THE CLINICAL METHOD OF NEUROLOGY
PART 2: CARDINAL MANIFESTATIONS OF NEUROLOGIC DISEASE
SECTION 1 Disorders of Motility
SECTION 2 Pain and Other Disorders of Somatic Sensation,Headache,andBackache
SECTION 3 Disorders of the Special Senses
SECTION 4 Epilepsy and Disorders of Consciousness
SECTION 5 Derangements of Intellect,Behavior, and Language Caused by Diffuse
and Focal Cerebral Disease
SECTION 6 Disorders of Energy, Mood, and Autonomic and Endocrine Functions
PART 3: GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND THE
NEUROLOGY OF AGING
PART 4: MAJOR CATEGORIES OF NEUROLOGIC DISEASE
PART 5: Diseases of Spinal Cord,Peripheral Nerve, And Muscle
PART 6: PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
目 录
Preface
Acknowledgments
PART 1: THE CLINICAL METHOD OF NEUROLOGY
1 Approach to the Patient with N eurologic Disease
2 Imaging, Electrophysiologic,and Laboratory Techniques for Neurologic Diagnosis
PART 2: CARDINAL MANIFESTATIONS OF NEUROLOGIC DISEASE
SECTION 1 Disorders of Motility
3 Motor Paralysis
4 Abnormalities of Movement and Posture Caused by Disease of the Basal Ganglia
5 Ataxia and Disorders of Cerebellar Function
6 Tremor, Myoclonus, Focal Dystonias, and Tics
7 Disorders of Stance and Gait
SECTION 2 Pain and Other Disorders of Somatic Sensation,Headache,andBackache
8 Pain
9 Other Somatic Sensation
10 Headache and Other Craniofacial Pains
11 Pain in the Back, Neck, and Extremities
SECTION 3 Disorders of the Special Senses
12 Disorders of Smell and Taste
13 Disturbances of Vision
14 Disorders of Ocular Movement and Pupillary Function
15 Deafness, Dizziness, and Disorders of Equilibrium
SECTION 4 Epilepsy and Disorders of Consciousness
16 Epilepsy and Other Seizure Disorders
17 Coma and Related Disorders of Consciousness
18 Faintness and Syncope
19 Sleep and Its Abnormalities
SECTION 5 Derangements of Intellect,Behavior, and Language Caused by Diffuse
and Focal Cerebral Disease
20 Delirium and Other Acute Confusional States
21 Dementia, the Amnesic Syndrome, and the Neurology of Intelligence and Memory
22 Neurologic Disorders Caused by Lesions in Specific Parts of the Cerebrum
23 Disorders of Speech and Language
SECTION 6 Disorders of Energy, Mood, and Autonomic and Endocrine Functions
24 Fatigue, Asthenia, Anxiety, and Depression
25 The Limbic Lobes and the Neurology of Emotion
26 Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System,Respiration, and Swallowing
27 The Hypothalamus and Neuroendocrine Disorders
PART 3: GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND THE
NEUROLOGY OF AGING
28 Normal Development and Deviations in Development of the Nervous System
29 The Neurology of Aging
PART 4: MAJOR CATEGORIES OF NEUROLOGIC DISEASE
30 Disturbances of Cerebrospinal Fluid,Including Hydrocephalus, PseudotumorCerebri, and Low-Pressure Syndromes
31 Intracranial Neoplasms and Paraneoplastic Disorders
32 Infections of the Nervous System (Bacterial, Fungal, Spirochetal, Parasitic) and Sarcoidosis
33 Viral Infections of the Nervous System,Chronic Meningitis, and Prion Diseases
34 Cerebrovascular Diseases
35 CraniocerebralTrauma
36 Multiple Sclerosis and Other Inflammatory Demyelinating Diseases
37 Inherited Metabolic Diseases of the Nervous System
38 Developmental Diseases of the Nervous System
39 D egenerative Diseases of the Nervous System
40 The Acquired Metabolic Disorders of the Nervous System
41 Diseases of the Nervous System Caused by Nutritional Deficiency
42 Alcohol and Alcoholism 1186
43 Disorders of the Nervous System Caused by Drugs, Toxins, and Chemical Agents
PART 5: Diseases of Spinal Cord,Peripheral Nerve, And Muscle
44 Diseases of the Spinal Cord
45 E lectrophysiologic and Laboratory Aids in the Diagnosis of Neuromuscular Disease
46 Diseases of the Peripheral Nerves
47 D iseases of the Cranial Nerves
48 Diseases of Muscle
49 Myasthenia Gravis and Related Disorders of the Neuromuscular Junction
50 The Myotonias, Periodic Paralyses, Cramps,Spasms, and States of Persistent Muscle
Fiber Activity
PART 6: PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
51 Anxiety Disorders, Hysteria, and Personality Disorders
52 Depression and Bipolar Disease
53 Schizophrenia, Delusional and Paranoid
States
Index
【前言】
前 言
As the rest of medicine changes, so does neurology.
Neurologic diagnosis and treatment has been so vastly altered by modern neuroimaging, molecular biology, and genetics that the original authors of this book, Raymond D Adams and Maurice Victor, would barely recognize the practices of today. Secular interest in neurologic diseases is also expanding because of the large num- ber of problems of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and muscles that arise with aging and from the treatment and control of other, non-neurologic, diseases. Whereas cancer and heart disease had occupied foremost posi- tions in the minds of individuals within developed societies, Alzheimer, Parkinson, and related diseases are central to the modern conversation about the quality of life. Moreover, the desire to understand the workings of the brain and to gain insights into human behavior has become a preoccupation of the public. At the same time, the manner in which information, both accurate and otherwise, is transmitted about the nervous system and neurologic diseases has changed. Access to informa- tion about diseases, accepted treatments, and clinical symptoms and signs, ubiquitously clutters the internet. Physicians now less frequently seek a comprehensive understanding of a disease or class of diseases, “the whole story” if you will, but instead favor rapid access to single answers to a clinical problem.
For many reasons, particularly the last of these regarding the nature of medical information, writing a textbook on neurology has become a complex enterprise. We have even asked ourselves if there is a role for a text- book in the modern era, especially one written by only three authors. Yet, in identifying the characteristics of the capable clinician, one who is equipped to help patients and play a role in society to the fullest extent possible, we continuously return to the need for careful clinical analysis that is combined with a deep knowledge of disease. these are still the basis for high-quality practice and teaching. even if the current goals of efficiency and economy in medicine are to be met, neurology is so com- plex that the confident implementation of a plan of diag- nostic or therapeutic action quickly finds itself beyond algorithms, flow charts, and guidelines. the goal of our textbook therefore is to provide neurologic knowledge in an assembled way that transcends facts and information and to present this knowledge in a context that cannot be attained by disembodied details. While the biological bases of neurologic diseases are being discovered rapidly, the major contribution of the clinical neurologist remains, as it is for the whole of medicine: a synthesis of knowing how to listen to the patient, where to find the salient neurologic signs, and what to acquire from labora- tory tests and imaging.
There is always a risk of such a book being simply archival. But the dynamic nature of modern neurologyrequires more than ever a type of integration amongknowledge of clinical neurosciences, traditional neurol- ogy, and the expanding scientific literature on disease mechanisms. only a text that has been thoughtfully constructed for the educated neurologist can fulfill this need and we hope that we have done so in this edition. Furthermore, in appropriate conformity to the methods by which physicians obtain information, McGraw-Hill has made an investment in their Access Medicine web- site that will highlight our book as well as several other neurology texts. combined with these books will be sophisticated search functions, teaching curricula for stu- dents and residents, and, hopefully in the future, a form of interaction with us, the authors. Another inception has been the addition of color figures and photographs to this edition in order to make the visual material more acces- sible and appropriate for the web version.
To these ends, we offer the current 10th edition of Principles of Neurology to meet the needs of the seasoned as well as the aspiring neurologist, neurosurgeon, inter- nist, psychiatrist, pediatrician, emergency physician, physiatrist, and all clinicians who have need of a com- prehensive discussion on neurologic problems. We begin with an explanation of the functioning of the nervous system as it pertains to neurologic disease in the first part of the book, followed by detailed descriptions of the clinical aspects of neurology in its great diversity. in all matters, we have put the patient and relief of suffer- ing from neurologic disease in a central place. the book is meant to be practical without being prescriptive and readable without being too exhaustive. When there is a digression, it has been purposely structured to complete a picture of a particular disease. We have also retained historical aspects of many diseases that are central to the understanding of the specialty and its place in medicine.
By taking an inclusive and yet sensibly chosen clini- cal approach, we do not eschew or criticize the modern movement to homogenize medicine in order to attain uniformity of practice. We ourselves have witnessed over 35 years the unappealing aspects of idiosyncratic practices, which were based on limited basic informa- tion and on a superficial understanding of neurology. Nonetheless, the complexity of neurologic diseases, espe- cially now, puts the practitioner in a position of choosing among many options for diagnosis and treatment that are equivalent, or for which the results are uncertain. clinical trials abound in neurology and set a direction for clinical practice in large populations, but are difficult to apply to individual patients. the need for a coherent method of clinical work is one reason we have retained author- ship rather than editorial management that character- izes many textbooks in other areas of medicine. Limited authorship permits a uniform style of writing and level of exposition across subject matter and chapter headings.
It also allows us to judiciously include our own experiences and opinions when we feel there is something more to say than is evident in published articles. our comments should be taken as advisory and we have no doubt that our colleagues in practice will develop their own views based on the body of information provided in the book and what is available from many outside sources. to the extent that some of the views we express in the book may be perceived as having a “Boston-centric” outlook, we appeal to the reader’s forbearance. We have neither a proprietary formula for success in neurology nor the answers to many of the big clinical questions. if there is a stylistic aspect that comes through in the book, we hope it is still that neurology must be taken one patient at a time.
We gratefully acknowledge on the following pages several experts in particular fields of neurology whose help was invaluable in revising this edition. We sought their guidance because of the high regard we have fortheir clinical skills and experience. if there are concernsregarding specific comments in the book, they are our responsibility.
With this edition, we introduce our colleague P. Klein, MD, PhD, the chief of the Division of Hospital Neurology in the Department of Neurology at Brigham and Women’s Hospital. Dr. Klein is dually trained in neurology and neuroradiology. He brings a wealth of perspective on imaging and has been a powerful partner in moving the book toward a more modern idiom that recognizes the centrality of neuroimaging in practice. it is a privilege to have him join us to bring the book through the beginning of the current century.
Allan H. Ropper, MD
Martin A. Samuels, MD P. Klein, MD, PhD
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