读这本书，回顾中华人民共和国70年的历史，每一天每一刻，都是历史回放，让人铭记于心。
【内容简介】
为庆祝新中国成立70周年，突出反映党领导人民探索、开创、坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的伟大实践及其重大理论、制度创新成果，充分展示新中国成立70年经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明建设以及国防和军队、“一国两制”和祖国统一、外交、党的建设等各方面取得的辉煌成就，更加深刻地认识中国共产党、中国人民和中国特色社会主义的伟大力量，动员全党全国各族人民更加紧密地团结在以习近平同志为核心的党中央周围，不忘初心、牢记使命，锐意进取、开拓创新，沿着中国特色社会主义道路，满怀信心继续把新中国巩固好、发展好，为实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦而不懈奋斗，中央党史和文献研究院编写了《中华人民共和国大事记（1949年10月－2019年9月）》。
【作者简介】
作者：中共中央党史和文献研究院，党的历史和理论研究专门机构，是党中央直属事业单位；译者：天津外国语大学高翻学院
【目录】
Contents
Editor’s Note 1
1949 1
1950 7
1951 13
1952 16
1953 20
1954 24
1955 29
1956 32
1957 38
1958 42
1959 45
1960 49
1961 52
1962 54
1963 57
1964 61
1965 64
1966 66
1967 68
1968 70
1969 72
1970 74
1971 75
1972 77
1973 79
1974 81
1975 82
1976 84
1977 87
1978 90
1979 96
1980 101
1981 105
1982 108
1983 113
1984 116
1985 120
1986 124
1987 128
1988 131
1989 136
1990 140
1991 143
1992 145
1993 149
1994 156
1995 159
1996 162
1997 164
1998 170
1999 174
2000 176
2001 180
2002 184
2003 187
2004 193
2005 197
2006 201
2007 205
2008 211
2009 217
2010 220
2011 223
2012 226
2013 232
2014 244
2015 257
2016 271
2017 283
2018 294
2019 309
【免费在线读】
1949
October 1
The Central People’s Government of the People’s Republic of China was established.
Previously from September 21 to 30, the 1st Plenary Session of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) was held, at which the Common Program of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, an interim constitution, was adopted. The Common Program stipulated that the state system of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) was the people’s democratic dictatorship led by the working class on the foundation of the alliance of workers and farmers, and its system of government was a people’s congress system characterized by democratic centralism. The Session also passed the Organization Law of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and the Organization Law of the Central People’s Government of the People’s Republic of China. The Session decided that the PRC’s capital was Beijing, which was to be renamed from Peiping; China’s official calendar was to follow the AD system; the “March of the Volunteers” was to serve as the interim national anthem; and the Five-Starred Red Flag was to be the national flag. The Session elected Mao Zedong chairman of the Central People’s Government, Zhu De, Liu Shaoqi, Soong Ching Ling, Li Jishen, Zhang Lan and Gao Gang vice-chairmen, and Chen Yi and 55 other members of the Central People’s Government Committee. At 2 pm on October 1, the Central People’s Government Committee held its first meeting and unanimously decided to accept the Common Program as the administrative policy of the government, and appointed Zhou Enlai as premier of the Administrative Council of the Central People’s Government, Mao Zedong as chairman of the People’s Revolutionary Military Commission and Zhu De as commander-in-chief of the People’s Liberation Army. At 3 pm, a ceremony was solemnly held at the Tiananmen Square, Beijing to celebrate the founding of the Central People’s Government of the People’s Republic of China. Mao Zedong proclaimed the establishment of the Central People’s Government, followed by a grand military parade and a mass parade. On December 2, the 4th Meeting of the Central People’s Government Committee was held, which decided that October 1 of each year was to be the national day of the People’s Republic of China. The founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949 marked China’s great leap from its millenia-old feudal autocracy to democracy of the people, a milestone of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation since modern times. At that moment, the Chinese nation ushered in a new era of development and progress.
October 2
The Soviet Union decided to establish diplomatic relations with the PRC. On October 3, Zhou Enlai replied that China welcomed the immediate establishment of diplomatic relations and the exchanges of ambassadors between the two countries. China and the Soviet Union officially established diplomatic relations. On January 27, 1964, China established diplomatic relations with France, the first major Western country to establish such relations with China. By September 21, 2019, China had established diplomatic relations with 179 countries.
October 9
The 1st Session of the 1st CPPCC National Committee was held. Mao Zedong was elected chairman of the 1st CPPCC National Committee.
October 21
The Administrative Council of the Central People’s Government was established.
October 22
The Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procurator Department were established. The latter was renamed the Supreme People’s Procuratorate in 1954.
October 25
The General Administration of Customs of the Central People’s Government was established, marking the beginning of the Chinese people’s total control of the Chinese customs.
November 9
The CPC Central Committee decided to set up the Party Commission for Discipline Inspection at the central and local levels, and Zhu De was appointed as secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.
November 11
The Leading Body of the Air Force of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) was established. Before and after that, the navy, artillery and other military units and their leading bodies were set up.
November 21
The 2nd Congress of People from All Walks of Life in Beijing adopted a resolution to close brothels, and afterwards actions were taken throughout the country to close all the brothels.
December 2
At its 4th meeting, the Central People’s Government Committee decided to issue people’s victorious discount bonds, and adopted general rules on organizing congresses of people from all endeavors at the provincial, municipal and county levels. Congresses of representatives at various levels were held by the people’s governments in various localities to carry out the functions of the people’s congress, and served as a transitional form before the convening of the people’s congresses.
December 6
The Culture and Education Commission of the Administrative Council set up a committee to handle the return of Chinese students studying abroad. From August 1949 to November 1955, a total of 1,536 senior intellectuals, including Li Siguang, Hua Luogeng and Qian Xuesen, returned from overseas to participate in building the new nation.
December 23–31
The 1st National Conference on Education Work was held, which proposed that education must serve the construction of the country, and schools must open their doors to workers and farmers.
