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get_product_contenthtml   World Explorers | Science and Technology | Saving My TOEFL Academics 1
  Christopher Columbus has long been called the “discoverer” of the New World,although Vikings had visited NorthAmerica fi ve centuries earlier. Columbus attempted to sail west across the Atlantic Ocean in search of a route to Asia but achieved fame by making landfall in the Americas instead.Columbus’s explorations had a profound impact on the world.They led directly to the opening of the Western Hemisphere to European colonization; to large-scale exchanges of plants, animals, cultures, and ideas between the two worlds; and, on adarker note, to the deaths of millions of indigenous American peoples from war, World Explorers forced labor, and disease.Ferdinand Magellan, Portuguese-born Spanish explorer and navigator, was the leader of the fi rst expedition to circumnavigate the world. Magellan set out to reach the East Indies by sailing westward from Europe, which no one was sure could be done. He intended to return by the same route, but after his death his crews found that the prevailing winds required them to keep sailing west, around the world. James Cook conducted three expeditions to the Pacifi c Ocean, ranging from the Antarctic ice fi elds to the BeringStrait and from the coasts of North America to Australia and New Zealand. Although best known as the discoverer
  World Explorers | Science and Technology | Saving My TOEFL Academics 3
  ○ accomplishment / n. 成就,成绩,实现
  例证 For a novelist, that’s quite an accomplishment.
  对于一位小说家来说,那是相当了不起的成就。
  ○ admiral / n. 海军上将,海军将军,舰队司令
  ○ Antarctic / n. 南极洲,南极地区
  ○ Arctic / n. 北极,北极地区
  ○ Atlantic / n. 大西洋
  ○ attempt / v. 尝试,试图(尤指做困难的事);n. 尝试
  ○ captain / n. 队长,船长,上尉,首领
  ○ circumnavigate / v. 环航,环球航行
  ○ circumnavigation / n. 环行
  ○ coast / n. 海岸,海滨
  ○ colonization / n. 殖民地的开拓,殖民地化,移殖
  ○ conduct / v. 进行,实施;n.( 任务或活动的)组织方式,实施办法
  例证 conduct an experiment 进行一次实验
  ○ consolidate / v. 加强,巩固,合并,使联合
  例证 consolidate its power by force 以武力巩固权力
  ○ continent / n. 大陆,洲
  ○ crew/ n. 全体工作人员
  ○ discoverer / v. 发现者
  ○ exchange/ v. 交换,互换
  例证 We exchanged addresses. 我们互换了地址。
  ○ expedition / n. 远征,探险
  例证 an expedition to Antarctica 一次南极洲探险
  ○ exploitation / n. 开发,利用,剥削,广告推销
  例证 exploitation of potential oil 对潜在石油的开采
  ○ explorer / n. 探险家,探险者
  ○ fame / n. 名声,声誉
  例证 At the height of his fame, his every word was valued. 在他声名鼎盛之时,他的每句话都受到重视。
  ○ habitable / adj. 适于居住的
  例证 Making the house habitable was a major undertaking. 把这所房子收拾得可以住人,那可是项大工程。
  ○ hemisphere / n.( 地球的) 半球,(大脑的)半球
  例证 the Northern Hemisphere 北半球
  ○ impact / n. 影响,作用;/mpkt/v.( 对 产生)影响
  例证 the impact of religion on voting 宗教对选举的影响
  ○ indigenous /nddns/ adj. 当地的, 本土
  的,土生土长的
  例证 animals that are indigenous to Asia 原产于亚洲的动物
  ○ landfall /lndfl/ n. 着陆,登陆,到达的陆地
  ○ master /mstr/ n. 主人,雇主,老板
  ○ myth /mθ/ n. 神话
  ○ naval /nevl/ adj. 海军的
  ○ navigator /nvɡetr/ n.( 飞机或船只的)领航员,导航员
  ○ original /rdnl/ adj. 原先的,原来的
  ○ Pacifi c /psfk/ adj. 太平洋的
  ○ Philippines /flpinz/ n. 菲律宾
  ○ Portuguese /prtuɡiz/ n. 葡萄牙人,葡萄牙语
  ○ prevailing /prvel/ adj.( 风)盛行的,常年刮的
  例证 prevailing wind 盛行风
  ○ profound /prfand/ adj. 深刻的,强烈的,巨大的
  例证 This is a book full of profound, original and challenging insights. 这本书充满了深刻、新颖、令人深思的见解。
  ○ range /rend/ n. 范围,射程,值域,全距
  of the Hawaiian Islands, Cook’s greatest accomplishments stemmed from his careful, thorough approach to exploration. Although he made few original discoveries, he consolidated the work of several earlier explorers, mapping much of the Pacifi c from the Arctic to the far south and laying to rest the myth of a habitable continent surrounding the South Pole.
  例证 a wide range of colors and patterns 各种颜色和样式
  ○ route /rut; rat/ n. 道路,路线,路途
  ○ scale /skel/ n. ( 尤指庞大的) 规模,范围,程度,等级,级别
  例证 He underestimates the scale of the problem.他低估了问题的严重性。
  ○ Spanish /spn/ n. 西班牙文,西班牙人
  ○ stem /stem/ n.( 植物的)秆,茎,梗;v. 起源于,由 造成
  例证 All my problems stem from drink. 我所有的问题都源于酗酒。
  ○ surround /srand/ v. 围绕,环绕
  例证 They love being surrounded by familiar possessions. 他们喜欢身边都是自己熟悉的物品。
  ○ thorough /θro/ adj. 详细的,全面的,彻底的
  例证 a thorough investigation 一次全面的调查
  ○ transatlantic /trnztlntk/ adj. 跨(或横渡、横穿)大西洋的
  例证 transatlantic fl ights 跨大西洋的航班
  ○ Viking /vak/ n. 海盗,维京人
  ○ voyage /vd/ n. 旅行,航行,航天
  ○ westward /westwrd/ adv. 向西,往西 achieve fame by making landfall in the Americas因到达美洲而成名
  Atlantic Ocean 大西洋,常简写作Atl. Bering Strait 白令海峡;白令海峡分开阿拉斯加(Alaska)和西伯利亚(Siberia),连接北冰洋(Arctic Ocean)和白令海(BeringSea)Christopher Columbus 克里斯托夫 哥伦布(1451—1506),意大利探险家,效力西班牙。他认定地球是圆的,试图从欧洲向西航海至亚洲,因而发现了美洲(1492 年);在他寻找通往中国的海路时又接连三次航海至加勒比海,他跨越大西洋的旅程打开了欧洲人到美洲探险、开发、殖民的道路 East Indies 现指东印度群岛,曾指印度
  联想 West Indies 西印度群岛,位于北美洲东南部与南美洲北部的群岛,它把加勒比海与大西洋隔开。 Ferdinand Magellan 费迪南德 麦哲伦(1480—1521),葡萄牙航海家。他船队中只有一条船回到了西班牙(1522 年),从而完成了次环球航行 have a profound impact on the world 对世界产生深远的影响用法 修饰impact,表达“深远的影响”和“巨大的影响”等含义的形容词包括dramatic、enormous、considerable、important、major、massive、profound、significant、substantial、tremendous; 表达“越来越大的影响” 等含义可以用形容词 increasing 和growing;表达“持久的影响”含义,可以使用形容词lasting、long-term 和far-reaching; 表达“积极的影响”和“有益的影响”可以用 benefi cial、favorable 和positive, 相反的意思可以用adverse、damaging 和negative 等形
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